Apache Webserver admin - Day 2

Goals

• virtual hosting
• user websites
• setting up options with the config and .htaccess
• modules
• SSI
• CGI
• PHP
• mime handlers, actions
• authentication
• security

Capsule Review

POST

1. What port does HTTP run on by default?
2. what is the name of the apache executable?
3. What are some reasons that apache might fail to start?

virtual hosting p.61-2

• named-based - relies on HTTP 1.1 browsers to pass names

  	=====httpd.conf=====
  	NameVirtualHost 123.123.321.1
  	
  	user apache
  	group apache
  	
  	# first virtual (default site to catch old browser "fall-through"
  	<VirtualHost default.mydomain.com>
  	ServerName default.mydomain.com
  	ServerPath /default
  	DocumentRoot [/path]
  	TransferLog [/path/to/log]
  	ErrorLog [/path/to/log]
  	ServerAdmin [email]
  	</VirtualHost>
  
  	# your own website
  	<VirtualHost www.mydomain.com>
  	ServerName www.mydomain.com
  	ServerPath /www
  	DocumentRoot [/path]
  	TransferLog [/path/to/log]
  	ErrorLog [/path/to/log]
  	ServerAdmin [email]
  	</VirtualHost>
  
  	# client's site
  	<VirtualHost www2.mydomain.com>
  	ServerName www2.mydomain.com
  	ServerPath /www2
  	DocumentRoot [/path]
  	TransferLog [/path/to/log]
  	ErrorLog [/path/to/log]
  	ServerAdmin [email]
  	</VirtualHost>
  	=====end,httpd.conf===
  	

• IP-based - DNS points to separate IPs, which you bind to your NIC - wasteful of IPs

  	=====httpd.conf=====
  	#remember to assign IPs in DNS, and bind them to your NIC	
  	user apache
  	group apache
  	
  	# your own website
  	<VirtualHost 123.123.321.1>
  	ServerName www.mydomain.com
  	DocumentRoot [/path]
  	TransferLog [/path/to/log]
  	ErrorLog [/path/to/log]
  	ServerAdmin [email]
  	</VirtualHost>
  
  	# client's site
  	<VirtualHost 123.123.321.2>
  	ServerName www2.mydomain.com
  	ServerPath /www2
  	DocumentRoot [/path]
  	TransferLog [/path/to/log]
  	ErrorLog [/path/to/log]
  	ServerAdmin [email]
  	</VirtualHost>
  	=====end,httpd.conf===
  	

• port-based - run separate copies of apache listening on different ports - ICK!

user websites p.160

• ~ = "user's home directory"
• userdir [dirname like public_html]
• user's homedir will have to be at least 711

setting up options with the config and .htaccess p.127+

ExecCGI
Includes
IncludesNOEXEC (could weasel around wrappers)
Indexes

modules p16-18, 196+

FastCGI - acts like a broker to keep CGI processes alive
mod_throttle - hammer bandwidth
mod_perl - hold onto pseudocompiled code
mod_put - for netscape style editors
PHP/FI - .asp or .cfm-like parsed source

SSI p.179

CGI p.79-83

• BYOL
• simplest possible model
• trouble with debugging
• security bit later

PHP